Preliminary Programme

Wed 24 March
    8:30
    10:45
    14:15
    16:30

Thu 25 March
    8:30
    10:45
    14:15
    16:30

Fri 26 March
    8:30
    10:45
    14.15
    16.30

Sat 27 March
    8:30
    10:45
    14:15
    16:30

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Wednesday 24 March 2004 10:45
E-2 WOM19 The Politics of Women's Careers
Room E
Network: Women and Gender Chair: Margrith Wilke
Organizers: - Discussants: -
Alessandra Gissi : Between tradition and profession, midwives in Italy during the 1930s
Controlled since centuries by the autorities, involved in a laborious professionalization after the Italian unity, during the 1930s, Mussolini’s régime intentionally involved Italian midwives in the realization of their demographic policies. The midwives’ recruitment was accompanied by the rhetoric of modernization, rhetoric full of contradictions. They were caged in a ... (Show more)
Controlled since centuries by the autorities, involved in a laborious professionalization after the Italian unity, during the 1930s, Mussolini’s régime intentionally involved Italian midwives in the realization of their demographic policies. The midwives’ recruitment was accompanied by the rhetoric of modernization, rhetoric full of contradictions. They were caged in a great number of rules and regulations, in order to build an identity of “professional/fascist” midwives, with the intention of transfering women’s reproductive capacity from the private sphere to the public sphere. This trasfer was even considered by new Criminal Code, enacted in 1931, which provided brand new strict sanctions for abortion.
This paper focus on social dynamics primed by this process and their ambivalent results. (Show less)

Kirsti Niskanen : The Gender Construction of a Discipline - Karin Kock and the Stockholm School of Economics
This paper is a part of an ongoing biographical study of the Swedish economist and feminist Karin Kock. The paper considers the gender construction of economics as a discipline by analysing Kocks academic career during the 1930s. Kock was the only woman economist active in Sweden before the 1970s. She ... (Show more)
This paper is a part of an ongoing biographical study of the Swedish economist and feminist Karin Kock. The paper considers the gender construction of economics as a discipline by analysing Kocks academic career during the 1930s. Kock was the only woman economist active in Sweden before the 1970s. She earned a Ph.D. in economics from Stockholm University in 1929 and built a successful career, first as a teacher and researcher, later as a government official and minister. Kock belonged to a group of intellectuals and radical economists – the Stockholm School of Economics– who in the end of 1920s challenged the domination of neoclassical economic theory within Swedish economics.

The analysis of the gender construction of the Stockholm School of Economics is carried out on two interrelated, but analytically distinct, levels: Firstly, Kock´s relation to science and research is studied by discussing her theoretical work in relation to the theoretical contributions of her male colleagues, notably Gunnar Myrdal´s, Erik Lindahl´s and Bertil Ohlin´s production in the 1920s and 30s. Secondly, Kock´s career is discussed by analysing the scientific community of Stockholm economists as a social organisation and research environment, using feminist organisation theory. (Show less)

Dragana Popovic : Engendering Academia: The Case of Serbia
The papers presents the results of the survay on the position and careers of woman - scientists working in natural sciencies and technology in Serbia in historical and social context. It covers the very beggining of the women,s education in Serbia at the end of the 19th century, through the ... (Show more)
The papers presents the results of the survay on the position and careers of woman - scientists working in natural sciencies and technology in Serbia in historical and social context. It covers the very beggining of the women,s education in Serbia at the end of the 19th century, through the post 2nd World War period of proclaimed equality, the period of relative political and economic stability in the seveties and the eighties, and the period of disintegration, wars, social and economic chaos of the nineties.

The central issue of the study is were the careers of women - scientists affected more than the carrers of their male colleagues, do women in academia generally act more passively in answering to the demands of transition era or maybe, they got a new chance in redistribution of power within the rebuild socilal and political milieu. The survay also questions women,s efforts in balancing family and career and their own perception of the distribution of work load and power in their professional and family life (Show less)

Anneke Ribberink : Illusion or reality. A closer look at the career of Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher was the longest incumbent British Prime Minister in the 20th century. She was Prime Minister for eleven and a half years, from May 1979 to November 1990. She won three successive general elections, two of which with a large majority – a success unequalled by any other party ... (Show more)
Margaret Thatcher was the longest incumbent British Prime Minister in the 20th century. She was Prime Minister for eleven and a half years, from May 1979 to November 1990. She won three successive general elections, two of which with a large majority – a success unequalled by any other party leader in the 20th century. Even if she had been a man, this would still to say the least have been a remarkable result. But Margaret Thatcher is a woman, the first female British party leader and Prime Minister and in fact the first female premier in a Western country. Gro Harlem Brundtland, who occupied a comparable position in Norway, only took up office in 1981 and then only for a short period. It was not until 1986 that Brundtland was to begin her second term of office.
But was Margaret Thatcher also a ‘great’ Prime Minister? Was she responsible for important achievements that raise her above the level of the average politician? Thatcher herself is far from modest when it comes to the performance of her three successive cabinets. She is proud of having wrought fundamental changes for good in British society and elsewhere in the world. Moreover, she has actively contributed to the creation of a politically correct picture of herself, regarding her functioning as a politician and as a housewife and as a mother. This picture has been propagated, with variations, by Margaret Thatcher in her two autobiographies, through many media interviews and also in the – not entirely uncritical – biography of her husband written by her daughter Carol. Carol quotes her father, who was proud of being married to ‘one of the greatest women the world has ever produced.’
The goal of my paper is to assess the content and style of Margaret Thatcher’s leadership. This will be based on a discussion of the various facets of the picture created by Thatcher, as briefly delineated above. The point of departure for my argument is that from the gender perspective this figure is, one way or another, unique and important to post-war Western history, due to her position as the first female Prime Minister in the UK and indeed in any Western country. (Show less)



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