Preliminary Programme

The origin of Albanian moral codes is in the tribal society, pre state formation. Those codes, has passed down through generations from the 15th century until the 20th century in the region of north Albania and Kosovo; but for the first time are codified and written down in the 19th century by an Albanin Priest Shtjefën Gjeçovi. Since those norms are functioned in the time of Albanian Prince Lekë Dukagjini (1410-1481), formally he named as Kanuni i Lekë Dukagjinit (English: The Code of Lekë Dukagjini). During this time and many decades after these codes were written, are used for regulation of family and society in different areas, such as church, family, marriage, house, livestock and property, work, transfer of property, heritage, etc.
This paper explores the way of life and family organisation in Albanian society according to those moral codes. It gives details about type of houses, their distribution and settlements and the organisation of family inside the house; way of living in extended families with many generations in it and rights and duties of each member.

Key words: life, family, Albanian society
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Although numerous households that included several generations were presented as the norm in Albania, at least until the end of World War II, especially in Northern Albania, demographic data indicate that households in Albania were much more moderate, not only in size but also in structure. Data from the Albanian population census show that the mean household size in Albania in 1918 was 5.6 persons. Households were smaller in cities (4.49 persons) than in rural areas (5.81 persons). Demographic data and ethnographic evidence show that urban Albania was characterized by joint household formation system, despite the fact that the age at marriage of men was normally higher than characteristic for the joint household formation system.
The aim of the proposed paper is to analyse household formation in Tirana in interwar period on the basis of two population censuses of 1918 and 1930. I analyse the relationship between marriage and household headship, the demographic constraints that influenced household structure and household formation in Tirana and residence patterns of the urban population.
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A great deal of variation in family structure is a product of variation in demographic conditions. The frequency and timing of births, deaths and marriages in a population determine the number and characteristics of kin available for coresidence. Despite potentially powerful effects exerted upon local living arrangements by certain combinations of expectations of life with ages at marriage and fertility, the ‘demographic filter’ has only seldom been accounted for in historical family studies of coresidence. This paper is going to fill this gap .
Drawing on an unprecedented collection of census microdata from eighteenth-century Poland, Belarus and Ukraine, and relying on the studies about the structure of domestic groups and quantitative measures of coresidence, it differentiates the composition and behaviors of multiple sub-populations in the area (overall: 160.000 individuals living in ca. 1000 settlements). Probing beneath the revealed contrasts in living arrangements across historic Poland-Lithuania, however, this paper also seeks to answer to what extent the observed differences could results from demographic disparities, i.e. mortality, fertility, generation length, or age distribution. In order to determine the magnitude of demographic constraints on the availability of kin - and hence on the formation of certain types of living arrangements – the CAMSIM microsimulation was run based on input parameters pertaining to three specific demographic regimes of preindustrial Poland. Its results are confronted with specific types of living arrangements observed in the empirical data.
Although purely demographic factors seemed to exert profound influence on coresidence patterns in historical Poland, once these factors are controlled for, regional variation in residential patterns within Poland persists. The reminder of the paper discusses factors which might account for the observed disparity. (Show less)

Using the data from the Russian 19-century poll-tax registers (so-called revisions) the authors make a comparative analysis of household structures in different social groups (merchants, peasants, city-dwellers) in the city of Moscow and in Moscow uezd.
Transition to soul taxation and recruitment of taxable population to the military service were the main reasons of starting revisions in Russia in the beginning of the 18th century. Many studies concerning peasantry demonstrate the advantages of a big complex family for fulfilling feudal and communal dues as well as for paying state taxes; much less is known about urban population. The authors supposed to check a hypothesis whether the taxation and recruitment rules, different from one group to another one, influenced household size and composition, or the traditional complex family dominated in all the strata of Russian society in the 19th century
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Along with new data resources' opening and consideration of demographic condition, researchers tried to focus on diversity of family pattern in different periods and areas in Europe, and also tried to reconsider and modify existing simple division about family pattern. In order to prove similar modernization process, korean researchers also applied the same family pattern division method to analyze korean resource in the past.
However our study will put family pattern in korean historic context including property right, ancestral rites right and adoption tendency as well as feature of Korean household register. Korean household register has accepted centralization ruling system from China and organized individuals by household(Ho) which is regarded as taxation unit. So have to reconstruct family based on household(Ho) since household(Ho) is different from real family in some degree. For example, father and son can be regarded as one stem family although they were in different households, when brother families were more complex to judge.
In this paper we are going to make a data from household registers of two villages in Daegu from late seventeen century to late nineteen century. First, we will compare family pattern between reconstructed family and household(Ho) level, and to show the difference. Second, we will retest whether joint family society slowly transformed to nuclear family society in Korea in this period. We hope this study could become a clue to rethink existing perception of family pattern of Korea.

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