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Thursday 13 April 2023
16.30 - 18.30
R-8
HEA07
Responses to Pandemics and Long-Term Impacts
E45
Network:
Health and Environment
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Chair:
Svenn-Erik Mamelund
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Organizer:
Benjamin Schneider
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Discussant:
Svenn-Erik Mamelund
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Jessica Dimka :
The Long-Term Mental Health Effects of Influenza Pandemics: Protocol and Preliminary Results of a Systematic Review
In addition to the effects of morbidity and mortality from the disease itself, there also will likely be long-term mental health consequences of pandemics due to bereavement, fear, stigma, socioeconomic losses, and other impacts. For example, suicide rates and the encephalitis lethargica epidemic both have been investigated in connection to ... (Show more)In addition to the effects of morbidity and mortality from the disease itself, there also will likely be long-term mental health consequences of pandemics due to bereavement, fear, stigma, socioeconomic losses, and other impacts. For example, suicide rates and the encephalitis lethargica epidemic both have been investigated in connection to the 1918 influenza pandemic. Studies from past pandemics typically focus on specific groups and rely on small samples, while recent systematic reviews have often considered a range of unrelated infectious diseases. I describe a systematic review focused on the long-term mental health effects of the 1889, 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009 influenza pandemics. To my knowledge, this is the first and only review to include studies for broad populations and multiple measures of mental health morbidity. The historical perspective and comparisons of pandemics with varying severity but assumed similar causative pathogens enable insights into the consistency of long-term consequences across pandemics. I will discuss the development of the protocol, screening of the 4433 articles returned by the literature search, and preliminary results. This study has important implications for better understanding of the social and demographic impacts of historical pandemics, as well as current public health policy and practice. (Show less)
Ida Milne :
Oral Histories of the 1918–19 Influenza Pandemic: how Helpful are they to Understand the Impact of Pandemic Illness on Post Pandemic Life?
Between 2006 and now, I have collected over 50 oral histories with people who were either children during the 1918-19 pandemic, or whose families had been directly affected by it. What I expected to find was detail of the immediate crisis; instead, the stronger narrative was an often poignant telling ... (Show more)Between 2006 and now, I have collected over 50 oral histories with people who were either children during the 1918-19 pandemic, or whose families had been directly affected by it. What I expected to find was detail of the immediate crisis; instead, the stronger narrative was an often poignant telling of the impact of the illness or death of family members on individuals and families over the course of their lives. How helpful are these interviews to understanding the impact of Covid on people in the post pandemic period? And how might they used? (Show less)
Vibeke Narverud Nyborg :
Different Approaches to Using Public Health Legislation as Means in Fighting the Influenza Pandemic of 1918 – the Case of Norway
Several national health laws had been decided upon and been implemented during the nineteenth century in Norway, two of these are regarded especially relevant in exploring different approaches to fight the 1918 flu pandemic by non-pharmaceutical interventions: the Norwegian Public Health Care Act of 1860, and the Act on Tuberculosis ... (Show more)Several national health laws had been decided upon and been implemented during the nineteenth century in Norway, two of these are regarded especially relevant in exploring different approaches to fight the 1918 flu pandemic by non-pharmaceutical interventions: the Norwegian Public Health Care Act of 1860, and the Act on Tuberculosis of 1900. The paper uses a descriptive and analytic approach to explore how national health legislation was implemented and used locally during the influenza pandemic between 1918 and 1920, and how other factors such as the independence and authority of the local district doctor or appointed city doctor, and cultural and social habits and beliefs among the population contributed to different solutions based on the same national legislations. (Show less)
Laura Radatz :
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Inequality: Lessons from the Past
Over the course of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it has become evidently clear that its impact on society is disparate, both between countries and within individual regions. As a result, any pre-existing social and economic inequalities amongst and within countries might actually be exacerbated by the current pandemic. Recent research ... (Show more)Over the course of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it has become evidently clear that its impact on society is disparate, both between countries and within individual regions. As a result, any pre-existing social and economic inequalities amongst and within countries might actually be exacerbated by the current pandemic. Recent research has analysed the relationship between pandemics and their social and economic consequences mainly in specific countries. We aim to contribute to this discussion by providing valuable insights into the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, in terms of the disparities of the social and economic impact in different countries worldwide. To this end, we examine the 1918–20 influenza pandemic, including the underlying conditions and pre-existing inequalities, and analyse how this economic and health shock affects income inequality as well as health inequality. The measurement of inequality is mainly done by using the tax and survey-based income distribution data. In addition, we use data on height inequality that reflect health status, access to health care and nutrition in a given country and birth cohort. The severity of the pandemic is measured by the excess flu mortality rate to account for the uneven impact of the pandemic in different countries. We observe a positive relationship between income and health inequalities and the 1918-20 influenza pandemic, interacting with pre-existing inequalities. (Show less)
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